Bank of Maharashtra papers maharashtra

Bank of Maharashtra papers.

A clock shows the time as 6 a.m. If the minute hand gains 2 minutes every hour, how many minutes will the clock gain by 9 p.m.?

(a) 30 minutes

(b) 25 minutes

(c) 28 minutes

(d) 34 minutes

2. Find the right number, from the given options, at the place marked by the question mark: 2, 4, 8, 32, 256, ?
(a) 4096

(b) 8192

(c) 512

(d) 1024

3. Find the number missing at question mark:

10, 11, 23, 39, 64, ?, 149

(a) 100

(b) 103

(c) 78

(d) 128

4. A super fast bus of KSRTC starting from ‘Trivandrum’ and reaches ‘Attingal’ in 45 minutes with an average speed of 40 km/hr. If the speed is increased by 10 km/hr how much time it will take to cover the same distance?

(a) 34 minutes (b) 36 minutes (c) 38 minutes (d) 40 minutes

5. The difference between 6 times and 8 times of a figure is 14. What is the figure?

(a) 12 (b) 9 (c) 7 (d) 6

6. If 92y = 36 what is 9y?

(a) 4 (b) 6 (c) 9 (d) 18

7. One fourth percent of 180 is:

(a) 4.5 (b) 0.45 (c) 0.045 (d) 45

8. A candidate appearing for an examination has to secure 40% marks to pass paper I. But he secured only 40 marks and failed by 20 marks. What is the maximum mark for paper I?

(a) 100 (b) 200 (c) 180 (d) 150

9. Find the missing number 32, 52, 74, 112, 135 ……………

(a) 16 (b) 15 (c) 17 (d) 14

10. If 250 is increased to 300, what is the percentage increase?

(a) 16.67 (b) 20 (c) 23 (d) 17

11. The ratio of 9 seconds to 10 hours is ………….

(a) 1:40 (b) 1:4000 (c) 9:10 (d) 1:400

12. A person lost 10% when he sold goods at Rs.153. For how much should he sell them to gain 20%?

(a) 204 (b) 250 (c) 240 (d) 210

13. What will be xy if 7862xy is to be divisible by 125?

(a) 25 (b) 00 (c) 75 (d) 50

14. A train of 100 meters long is running at the speed of 36 km per hour. In what time it passes a bridge of 80 meters long?

(a) 30 seconds (b) 36 seconds (c) 20 seconds (d) 18 seconds

15. If two-third of a bucket is filled in one minute then the time taken to fill the bucket completely will be …….

(a) 90 seconds (b) 70 seconds (c) 60 seconds (d) 100 seconds

16. If a quarter kilogram costs Rs. 60 then how much will cost for 150 grams?

(a) Rs. 30 (b) Rs. 24 (c) Rs. 36 (d) Rs. 40

17. If 3 men or 6 boys can do a piece of work in 20 days then how many days with 6 men and 8 boys take to do the same work?

(a) 5 (b) 8 (c) 10 (d) 6

18. Find the sum of first 100 natural numbers

(a) 5050 (b) 5005 (c) 9900 (d) 9050

19. Two poles of height 6 meters and 11 meters stand on a plane ground. If the distance between their feet is 12 meters then find the difference in the distance between their tops:

(a) 12m (b) 5m (c) 13m (d) 11m

20. How many balls of radius 4 cm can be made from a solid sphere of lead of radius 8 cm?

(a) 4 (b) 8 (c) 16 (d) 2

21. The solution to x2 +6x+9 = 0 is ……..

(a) x1 = + 3, x2 = -3 (b) x1 = 3, x2 = 3

(c) x1 = -3, x2 = -3 (d) No solution

22. What is the chance of getting a 2 or 4 in rolling a die?

(a) 2/3 (b) 1/6 (c) 1/3 (d) 1/2

23. At what rate of simple interest per annum an amount will be doubled in 10 years?

(a) 10% (b) 7.5% (c) 16% (d) 15%

24. Five times an unknown number is 5 less than 50. The unknown number

(a) 10 (b) 11 (c) 9 (d) 5

25. The acute angle between the hour hand and minute hand of a clock at 4 PM

(a) 900 (b) 1200 (c) 1500 (d) 2400

26. Water is filled in a cylindrical vessel in such a way that its volume doubles after every five minutes. If it takes 30 minutes for the vessel to be full, then the vessel will be one fourth full in

(a) 20 minute (b) 25 minutes

(c) 7 minutes 30 seconds (d) 10 minutes

27. If 10 cats can kill 10 rats in 10 minutes how long will it take 100 cats to kill 100 rats

(a) 1 minutes (b) 10 minute (c) 100 minutes (d) 10000 minutes

28. If 75 % of a number is added to 75, the result is the number itself, then the number is:

(a) 250 (b) 750 (c) 400 (d) 300

29. A school has enough food for 400 children for 12 days. How long will the food last if 80 more children join them?

(a) 6 days (b) 7 days (c) 10 days (d) 8 days

30. The sum of two consecutive numbers is 55, which is the largest number?

(a) 25 (b) 28 (c) 26 (d) 27

31. When a shop keeper sold 2/3 of an item, he got the cost price of the whole lot. What is the percentage of his profit?

(a) 33 1/8 % (b) 66 2/3 % (c) 25 % (d) 50 %

32. The perimeter of a rectangular field is 480 meters and the ratio between the length and breadth is 5:3. The area of the field is:

(a) 7,200m2 (b) 15,000m2 (c) 54,000m2 (d) 13,500m2

33. If you add 100 to a certain number, the result will be more than, if you multiply that number by 1000 what is that number?

(a) 1.5 (b) 1.0 (c) 2.5 (d) 2.0

34. A student has to secure 40 % marks to pass. He gets 150 marks and fails by 30 marks. What is the maximum marks?

(a) 400 (b) 500 (c) 475 (d) 450

35. The circumcentre of an obtuse triangle will always be in the

(a) Interior of the triangle

(b) Midpoint of the diameter

(c) Exterior of the triangle

(d) Midpoint of the side of the triangle

36. What is the degree measure of a semicircle?

(a) 360 (b) 90 (c) 270 (d) 180

37. Which among the following is the point of intersection of the medians of a triangle?

(a) Circumcentre (b) Centroid (c) Orthocenter (d) Incentre

38. The height of a cone and its base diameter are equal. If the base radius is ‘r’ what is its slant height?

(a) 3r (b) 4r (c) ?5r (d) ?3r

39. The radii of two spheres are in the ratio 2:3. What is the ratio of their surface areas?

(a) 4:9 (b) 2:3 (c) 8:27 (d) 4:6

40. What is the common ratio of the progression 3?2, 6, 6?2 ?

(a) 3 (b) 2 (c) ?2 (d) ?3

41. In class of 100 students 50 students passed in Mathematics and 70 passed in English, 5 students failed in both Mathematics and English. How many students passed in both the subjects?

(a) 25 (b) 30 (c) 50 (d) 45

42. Speed of a boat in still water is 9 km/hr. It goes 12 km down stream and comes back to the starting point in three hours.What is the speed of water in the stream?

(a) 3 km/hr (b) 4 km/hr (c) 4.5 km/hr (d) 5 km/hr

43. A student was asked to add 16 and subtract 10 from a number.He by mistake added 10 and subtracted 16. If his answer is 14 what is the correct answer?

(a) 20 (b) 26 (c) 30 (d) 32

44. Find the area of a right angled triangle whose hypotenuse is 10 cm and base 8 cm.

(a) 48 sq.cm (b) 34 sq.cm (c) 24 sq.cm (d) 42 sq.cm

45. Find the next term of the series: 3, 6, 9, 18, 27, 54, ……

(a) 81 (b) 69 (c) 63 (d) 57

46. A number consists of 20 plus 20% of its value. The number is:

(a) 20 (b) 22 (c) 25 (d) 30

47. 20% of 5 + 5% of 20 =

(a) 5 (b) 2 (c) 6 (d) 21

48. The angle between the minute hand and the hour hand of a clock, when the time is 8.30

(a) 800 (b) 600 (c) 1050 (d) 750

49. Rs. 1581 is divided among A, B and C in the ratio 10 : 15 : 6. What is the share of B?

(a) 306 (b) 765 (c) 700 (d) 510

50. The sum of four consecutive counting numbers is 154. Find the smallest number:

(a) 36 (b) 37 (c) 38 (d) 31

::: Answers :::

1 A 11 B 21 C 31 D 41 A 2 B 12 A 22 B 32 D 42 A 3 A 13 D 23 A 33 B 43 B 4 B 14 D 24 C 34 D 44 C 5 C 15 A 25 B 35 C 45 A 6 B 16 C 26 A 36 D 46 C 7 C 17 D 27 B 37 B 47 B 8 D 18 A 28 D 38 C 48 D 9 C 19 C 29 C 39 C 49 B 10 B 20 B 30 B 40 C 50 B

Daulatabad Fort Aurangabad India tourist spot

Aurangabad

Daulatabad (Marathi दौलताबाद; ؛ meaning “City of Prosperity”), is a 14th century fort city in Maharashtra, India, about 16 kilometers northwest of Aurangabad. The place, was once as known as Deogiri, (circa the sixth century AD, when it was an important uplands city along caravan routes and is now but a village, based around the former city of the same name.

Bibi Ka Maqbara India (Urdu: بیبی كا مقبرا, Hindi, Marathi: बीबी का मकबरा)

Bibi Ka Maqbara (Urdu: بیبی كا مقبرا, Hindi, Marathi: बीबी का मकबरा) is a maqbara built by Prince Azam Shah, son of Emperor Aurangzeb,one of the Mughal Emperors, in the late 17th century as a loving tribute to his mother, Rabia Durrani alias Dilras Banu Begum. The comparison to the Taj Mahal has resulted in a general ignorance of the monument. This monument is also called the Dakkhani Taj or the Taj of the Deccan.

बीबी का मकबरा

Bibi Ka Maqbara India

Location Bibi Ka Maqbara India

It is situated in Aurangabad, Maharashtra. The tomb in itself represents the transition from the ostentatious architecture of Akbar and Shah Jahan to the simple architecture of the later Mughals.

Architecture

The Maqbara is erected beyond a locality called Begumpura. The Mausoleum stands within an enclosed area measuring 500 yards by 300 yards. The surrounding high wall is crenelated with pointed arched recesses on the outside. There are bastions at intervals, and the recesses are divided by pilasters crowned with little minarets. The center of the southern wall is occupied by a handsome portal entrance closed by folding doors which are covered with a running foliage pattern in brass. The structure is in the form of a hexagon and angles are ornamented with minarets. bibi -ka-maqbara was built in 1660 by Aurangzeb's son, Azam Shah, as a loving tribute to his mother, Dilras Bano Begam. In 1720, Nizam-ul-Mulk Asif Jah, a distinguished General of Aurangzeb with the intention of founding his own dynasty in the Deccan, arrived at Aurangabad and made it his capital. He paid a visit to Delhi in 1723, but returned in 1724, Nizam Ali Khan Asaf Jah II transferred his capital from Aurangabad to Hyderabad in 1763.

Mumbai Gateway Of India | Tourist Spots In India

Mumbai

Capital of Maharashtra : Mumbai
Travel Attractions : Gateway Of India , Ajanta And Ellora Caves , Marine Drive.
Languages Spoken : Marathi
Best Time To Visit : September To April (Coastal Regions) And September To Mid-June (Hill Stations)

Mumbai, previously known as Bombay, is the most populous city in India. Mumbai is considered as the financial capital of India is also one of the leading travel destinations of the world. The city welcomes tourists with a large number of tourist places. The list of Mumbai tourist places includes Gateway of India, Town Hall, University buildings, Chowpatty Beach and Juhu Beach.

Upon arrival from Delhi Airport, hotel representatives will pick you from Mumbai airport and assist you with all travel and accommodation needs. After getting refreshed, our tour starts to Gateway of India.

Gateway of India is one of the most splendid monuments of Maharashthra. The structural design of the Gateway of India comprises a huge arch. It is approximately 26 m in height. The entire structure has been constructed using yellow basalt and non-breakable concrete. It has been constructed as per the Indo-Saracenic style of architecture.

The next place to be visited is the Bombay High court. It is one of the oldest and chartered High courts in the country. Flanked by two octagonal towers in the west there is a huge tower in the center. The top of the Bombay High Court building stands decorated with the statues of Justice and Mercy.

The next destination is Victoria Terminus. It is the city’s most profligate Gothic building which looks much more lavish than something as mundane as a transport depot. Victoria Terminus is also called as Chattrapati Shivaji Terminus.

A visit to the Mumbai University will let you know that it is not only known for outstanding programs and faculty, but it is also famous for its exquisite architectural style.

Mumbai University

Mumbai Gateway

Tourist Spots In India

Tourist Spots In India
Capital of Maharashtra: Mumbai, the capital, can well claim to be (after Kolkata) the second cultural centre of India. Also known as the First city of India, it is one of the world's truly great cosmopolitan metropolises. Being the economic powerhouse of India Mumbai is the most affluent and industrialised city in the country today. Its tradition of glamour and showbiz makes it the city of dreams. Lively and pulsating, Mumbai is India's answer to Hollywood, producing more films each year than any other county in the world. It is also the centre of a healthy theatre culture.

Originally, the city was a place of seven islands, which Colaba, Fort, Byculla, Parel, worli, Matungs and Mahim. At present the Greater Mumbai extends into a single Mumbai extends into a single large land mass. Mumbai's major sightseeing interests include Gateway of India, Bombay High Court, Victoria Terminus, and countless others.

Basically Mumabai belongs to the international culture. A lot of western influence over many Decades has managed to smooth out the cultural differences of the local people and pop music and disco-culture prevail above all. Open spaces in this crowded city include Chowpatty, Marine Drive and Juhu beach.

History of Maharashtra: Maharashtra is the land of legendary warriors, full of history and adventure. Maharashtra enters recorded history in the 2nd BC, with the construction of its first Buddhist caves. Maharashtra also played a key role during the freedom struggle with strong connections to Gandhi and the Indian National Congress.

A large area of the Maharashtra state rests on high plateau, historically the main centre of the Maratha Empire, which successfully defied the might of the Mughals under the fearless rule of Chhatrapati Shivaji, who is still an immortal legend here, his memories alive in the many forts scattered across the countryside. Many of the inland and coastal forts of Maharashtra are a legacy of Shivaji's rule.

Povadas are Marathi ballads that describe the events in the life of Shivaji. They are very popular in Maharashtra and Maharashtrians highly respect this great hero and remember him through these ballads.

Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj | Chhatrapati Shivaji Raje Bhosale

Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj always had a scientific bent of mind. During his rule he introduced various scientific based social reforms in his ‘Swaraj’, thus benefiting the common man. Shivaji Maharaj stressed on the fact that “Your deeds is our worship to the almighty”. This helped in the eradication of many blind faiths amongst the people.
Jijabai had taught Shivaji to hold all women in great respect and he instructed his soldiers to honor all women and rigidly enforced it. Shivaji and Jijabai worked together in removal of many evil practices regarding women.
Through his life, Shivaji gave us an example that no one’s future is dependent merely on forecasts and sun signs. Your tomorrow solely depends on your deeds and your faith in yourself and at the same time your almighty. Irrespective of many warnings and evil predictions from religious saint and priest, Shivaji built many of Maharashtra’s strongest sea forts.
Thus Shivaji Maharaj was the beginner of the scientific cultural spread in Maharashtra, which is still continuing in the state.

Chhatrapati Shivaji Raje Bhosale images | jai maharashtra

Chhatrapati Shivaji Raje Bhosale images

MAHARASHTRA DAY | May 1 | ABOUT MAHARASHTRA

MAHARASHTRA DAY | May 1 | ABOUT MAHARASHTRA
Maharashtra Day on May 1 is celebrated in Maharashtra, a state on western coast of India. Maharashtra attained statehood on 1st of May, 1960 when the then state Bombay state was divided into two states, Maharashtra and Gujarat on the basis of different languages, Marathi and Gujarati, under the Saurashtra re-organization act. Maharashtra retained old capital Bombay, which was later renamed Mumbai.

Pitalkhora rock-cut caves :

Not as well known as Ajanta yet also interest are the rock-cut caves of Pitalkhora in the Satamala range of the Sahyadri hills. There are thirteen caves, set high up on the hill, overlooking picturesque ravines. Many of the caves contain carvings and paintings that date from the 1st century B.C. to the 5the century A.D. They were discovered after Ajanta and are first mentioned in a publication of 1853 where Caves 3 and 4 are described.

Many of the carvings as well as the paintings have been damaged by the weather and vandals. The caves appear to be of the early Hinayana period of Buddhism and are contemporary to the other rock-cut Buddhist temples in western India. They were probably excavated and carved during the Satavahana-Kshaharata regimes. There appears to be a subsequent period of desertion and re-occupation much later in the 5th century A.D. during the Vakataka rule. In the Hinayana Buddhist period no images of Buddha or Bodhisattvas (celestial beings personifying the virtues of Buddha and attending to the needs of the people) appear in places of worship and none can be seen in the caves of Pitalkhora except for the paintings in Cave 3, which belong to the later phase of occupation.

Because of their locations the caves have been divided into two groups. Caves 1-9 face north and east and are adjacent to each other. These are in Group I. On the other side of the hill, facing southwards are Caves 10-14 which make up Group II.

Many of the caves have crumbled and are badly damaged. Cave 1 looks like a huge natural opening. There are indications of cells and door supports and it may have formed an extensive Vihara or monastery.

Caves 2, 3 and 4 share the same forecourt and are presumed to be of the same period. The dividing wall between 2 and 3 has disappeared, 2 was a Vihara and has an interesting rock-cut drain which prevents water from flowing into Cave 3 which was a prayer hall.

The best paintings are in Cave 3. These appear on the pillars and side walls. 37 pillars used to separate the aisle from the hall and these were donated individually as inscriptions on the 10th and 11th pillars, on the right, indicate. The donors of both these pillars were residents of Paithan. Steps lead down to a basement containing several carvings. Rare crystals and other reliquaries were found in the stupa here.

Nashik Shirdi (Maharashtra State) : Shirdi SAi Photos Images

Nashik Shirdi (Maharashtra State) : map

Nashik : Shirdi : Shirdi Saibaba temple of Humanity: Pilgrimage to Shirdi

122 kms from Nashik is the abode of one of Maharashtra's most revered saint -- Sai Baba of Shirdi. Popularly known as the 'Child of God', Sai Baba preached tolerance towards all religions and the message of universal brotherhood. Every activity at Shirdi revolves around the vast temple complex dedicated to Sai Baba. Devotees start queuing up in the early hours of dawn to catch a glimpse and seek the blessings of the life-size statue of Sai Baba. Thursday is marked by special pujas and darshan of the Sai Baba statue. There are other places of interest that devotees can visit as well including Dwarkamani Mosque where the Baba meditated and slept on alternate nights. Near the mosque, in a corridor is the dhuni or eternal flame that burns day and night. Other places of importance are the Gurusthan, the Kandoba Temple, Shani Mandir, Narsimha Mandir, Changdev Maharaj Samadhi and the Sakori Ashram.

Sai Baba's place Shirdi (Maharashtra State) is a very sacred, powerful and important place of pilgrimage in India. One can visit this holy place easily. It is a well-developed town connected by bus routes. There is an important Railway Station, Kopergaon, though which the Karnataka Express from New Delhi to Bangalore passes. A number of trains from Bombay and Delhi also pass through Manmad station. Shirdi is only about 58 kms. from Manmad and buses and taxis are easily available to reach there. The distance of Shirdi from some important cities is as under:
Bombay       - 266 kms.
Nasik           -   90 kms.
Hyderabad   - 610 kms.
Surat           - 373 kms.
Nagpur         - 618 kms.
Jalgaon        - 233 kms.
Ahmednagar -    83 kms.
Delhi            - 1166 kms.
Pune            - 207 kms.
Sholapur       - 312 kms.
There are arrangements for boarding and lodging at the Shirdi Sai Sansthan but since the crowd of people on all days, especially on Thursdays is very large, find it difficult to get accommodation. Besides, there are large number of good hotels to cater to the needs of all classes of devotees. They have to seek the same in hotels, lodging places and private houses. Although there are arrangements for selling breakfast, lunch and dinner packets at the sansthan, yet due to the heavy rush most people have to eat outside in the market or in the restaurants.

maharashtra fort :- Devagiri Daulatabad Fort : images Devagir Fort

maharashtra fort :- information Devagiri Daulatabad Fort : images

Devagiri (Daultabad of the later period), 11kms north-west of Aurangabad, is a famous for its formidable hill fort. The fort is situated on an isolated cone-shaped hill rising abruptly from the plain to the height of about 190 metres. The fortification constitutes of three concentric lines of defensive walls with large number of bastions. The noteworthy features of the fort are the moat, the scarp and the sub-terranean passage, all hewn of solid rock. The upper outlet of the passage was filled with an iron grating, on which a large fire could be used to prevent the progress of the enemy. The Chand Minar, the Chini Mahal and the Baradari are the important structures within the fort.

The Chand Minar, about 63 metres in height, was erected by Alauddin Bahman Shah in 1435 AD to conquest of Daulatabad. Opposite the Minar is the Jumma masjid, whose pillars originally belonged to a temple. Close to it, there is a large masonry tank. The Chini Mahal at the end of the lower for is the place where Abdul Hasan Tana Shah, the last king Golconda, was confined by Aurangzeb in 1687 AD. Nearby is a round bastion topped with a huge canon with ram’s head, called Kila Shikan or Fort breaker. The Baradari, octagonal in shape, stands near the summit of the fort. The principal bastion at the summit also carries a large canon.

Though the city of Devagiri was founded in 1187 AD by the Yadava king Bhillan V, the fort was constructed during the reign of Singhana II (1210-46 AD). It was captured by Ala-ud-Din Kalji in 12 94 AD, marking the first Muslim invasion of the Deccan. Finally in 1318 AD, Malik Kafur killed last Yadava Raja, Harapal. Then in 1327 AD, Muhammed-bin-Tughluq sought to make it his capital, by transferring the entire population of Delhi and changing the name from Devagiri to Daulatabad. Then it was in the possession of the Bhamanis till 1526 AD. The fort remained in Mughal control till Aurangzeb’s death in 1707 AD., when it passed on to the Nizam of Hyderabad. The famous Ellora Caves are just 16kms away from Devagiri-Daulatabad.

Pitcures: View of Devagiri for and its citadel (top left) from the top of its entrance gate (above), and the Chand Minar (inset). Country of the Jumma masjid, with old carved pillars (below, left), and the Kila Shikan canon with ram’s head (below, right)

Maharashtra Caves : Images : photos : Elephanta Caves : Mumbai Caves

Maharashtra Caves : Images : photos : Elephanta Caves : Mumbai Caves

The Elephanta Caves are a great tourist attraction in the vicinity of the large Mumbai meteropolis. The Elephanta island is located 10 km away from the Gateway of India at Mumbai. These caves house rock cut temples dating back to the 5th century CE.

Maharashtra Elephanta Caves : Information : Mumbai Caves

The Elephanta Caves (Marathi: घारापुरीच्या लेण्या, Gharapuri Lenya) are located on Elephanta Island or Gharapuri (literally "the city of caves") in Mumbai Harbour, some 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) to the east of the city of Mumbai (Bombay) itself, in the Indian state of Maharashtra. The island, located on an arm of the Arabian Sea, has two groups of caves, a large group of five Hindu caves and a smaller group of two Buddhist caves. The former caves contain rock cut stone sculptures, representing the Shaiva Hindu sect, dedicated to the god Shiva.

The rock cut architecture of the caves has been identified as belonging to the period between 5th and 8th centuries, although the identity of the original builders is a subject of debate. The main cave, Cave 1 or the Great Cave, was a Hindu place of worship until Portuguese rule (1534–1661), when the caves also suffered severe damage. After years of neglect, the main cave was renovated in 1970s. It was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1987 to preserve the artwork. It is maintained by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI).

Indian MUSEUMS : http:\\www.museum.rbi.org.in

Reserve Bank of India Monetary Museum
Amar Building (Ground Floor)
Opposite Apna Bazar
Sir Pherozesha Mehta Marg,
Fort, Mumbai - 400 001

Telephone :                91-22-2261 4043/ 2266 1644 extn. 4005
Fax :                            91-22-2270 2820
Website :                    http:\\www.museum.rbi.org.in

Email :                        museum@rbi.org.in

Contact for organising conducted tours:

Shri P.V.Radhakrishnan, Curator - Tel :91-22-2261 4043 / 2266 1644 extn. 4005

Requests can also be made for Museum Guides for group tours

Hundies : Indian Hundies : Hundis refer to financial instruments

Hundies

Hundis refer to financial instruments evolved on the Indian sub-continent used in trade and credit transactions. They were used

as remittance instruments (to transfer funds from one place to another),
as credit instruments (to borrow money [IOUs]),
for trade transactions (as bills of exchange).

Technically, a Hundi is an unconditional order in writing made by a person directing another to pay a certain sum of money to a person named in the order. Hundis, being a part of the informal system have no legal status and are not covered under the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881. Though normally regarded as bills of exchange, they were more often used as equivalents of cheques issued by indigenous bankers.

Hundis: Specimens

British India Hundi

Bank Memo to a Hundi

Foreign Bill

Opium Hundi

Princely State Hundi

Others

A Representative Darshani Hundi.

Early 20th Century

Nisani Hamare Gharu khate nam mandna.

Dastkhat Brijkishore Bhargava ke hundi likhe mujib sikar desi.

'SRI RAMJI

Sidh sri Patna subhastane chiranjeeva bhai Rikhabchand Bridhichan yog sri Jaipur se likhi Brijkishore Bhargava kee asis banchna, apranch hundi aik rupia 2,000 akshare rupia do hazar ke nime rupia aik hazar ka duna yahan rakha sah Sri Punamchandji Harakchandji pas miti Mangsir bad baras (12th) puga turat sah-jog rupia chalan ka dena. Sambat 1990, Miti Mangsir bad baras,

Rs.2,000

Neme Neme rupia panchsau ka chauguna pura do hazar kardejo.

'1' Chiranjeeva Rikhabchand Bridhichand, Patna.

Translation

Place it to the debit of our account.

Signature: Honour the Hundi written by Brijkishore Bhargava.

Greetings to Messrs. Rikhabchand Bridhichand, son of the fair city of Patna on whom the Hundi for Rs 2,000 (in words Rupees Two thousand only) is written by Brij Kishore Bhargava from Jaipur. Rupees one thousand if doubled make the sum of the hundi. The hundi has been drawn from here in favour of Messrs. Punamchand Harackchand on 12th Mangsir 1990, which please honour on presentation in the current money.

Rs.2,000

Four times of Rs. 500 make the sum of Rs. 2,000 for which the hundi is drawn.

Watermark on Hundis